Atoms and molecules

 Atoms and molecules

 

Matter:Anything that occupies space and have mass is called matter.

All matter is made up of small particles called atoms and molecules.

Different kinds of atomshave different properties due to which different kinds of matter also show different properties.

 

Laws of chemical combination:

1.Law of conservation of mass:

Matter can neither be created nor be destroyed in a chemical reaction.

In a chemical reaction:The substances written on the left hand side are known as reactants whereas the new substances formed and written on the right hand side of the reaction are known as products.

A+B —————> C+ D

Reactants             Products 

Hence the Law of conservation of mass can be defined as:

In a chemical reaction, the total mass of products is equal to the total mass of reactants. There is no change in mass during a chemical reaction.

 CaCO3 ——————> CaO+ CO2

100g.                               56g+44g=100g 

 

2.Law of constant proportion:

This law states that a chemical compound always consists of the same elements combined together in the same proportion by mass.

Eg:Water always consists of 2 elements, hydrogen and oxygen, combined together in the same constant proportion,1:8  by mass.

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